Experienced Parenting Style and Academic Performance of Grade 5 Students in Xavier University Grade School

J. Robles-Ugat

Dan-ag: Journal of Educational Studies, Volume 4 (2015), pp. 1–11 

Abstract

The study is about the parenting style of both a child’s father and mother, and its implication on the child's academic performance. The respondents were the 220 Grade 5 students of Xavier University Grade School from both the Pueblo and Macasandig campuses, whose fathers and mothers are living together at the time the study was conducted. A 30-item questionnaire named Parenting Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) made by Dr. John Buri (1991) was utilized to identify the parenting style of the respondents’ fathers and mothers. The children’s academic performance was determined by getting the General Point Average (GPA) of the child in the third quarter. This study is anchored on Diane Baumrind’s Parenting Style Theory, which presents three parenting styles: authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive. The authoritative parenting style is generally employed by the fathers and mothers. The findings of the study show that majority of the respondents were males; however, the female respondents showed a higher level of significance in terms of academic performance than males. The earlier-born children were noted as the majority population which also manifested a higher level of significance in terms of academic performance than the later-born children. Children raised by parents utilizing the authoritative parenting style showed a high level of academic performance. The majority of the parents are college graduates. The results of the study showed that whether the child comes from a nuclear or extended family does not have any bearing on how the child performs academically. With regard to the parenting style of the father, children raised by authoritative fathers tend to have high academic performance. Authoritative fathers are assertive yet democratic; thus, children are given the right amount of motivating and disciplining strokes for them to establish their boundary, exercise their personality, and pursue their passion. Children likewise feel supported and important when their point of view is heard and considered in family decisions. Thus, it makes a child happier and more eager to perform better. With regard to mothers who employ the authoritative parenting style, there is also high significance in terms of academic performance of their children. Authoritative mothers show support for their children by attending to their needs. Though they set limits, such limits are discussed with their children. Thus, children are aware of what is expected of them and what they also expect from their mother. Explaining the reasons for the rules also helps children develop more advanced moral reasoning skills. Generally, the authoritative parenting style is the most utilized by both mothers and fathers in this study. On the other hand, the permissive parenting style is found to be less utilized. This could be because most of the parents of the respondents are young and idealistic, having children who are mostly earlier-born. They are so concerned about their children, considering the fact that they have also experienced how it is to be in school. They know the correct dosage of lenience and discipline to administer so that their child will finish school. It is how the child is motivated through the parenting styles employed that creates an impact on how children are developed or formed. Children who feel supported and validated become happy children. A happy child is eager to perform better. The study recommends that 1) an assessment of the parenting needs of the parents be done for a more localized and objective picture of what the parents’ needs are; 2) a discussion with the school authorities be done to get first-hand information and suggestions as to how to make the program possible; 3) a regular parenting talk be set thus promoting a venue for parents to be informed; and 4) a dialogue with school authorities be made especially with the moderators in loco parentis. Future researchers may replicate this study in their respective work places to determine the parenting style that is most effective for the improvement of the children’s academic performance.

Keywords: parenting styles; academic performance; authoritative parenting; Grade 5 students; parental authority

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DOI:  https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22210563 

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